GDL

Culture is an evolutionary domain in which paradigms evolve through the replication and variation of memes and psychological traits. In biology, genes flow in such a restricted way that there is a relatively transparent relationship between genealogy and taxonomy. In culture, memes are burrowed freely between lineages, so that a given paradigm may have contributions from many cultures. Further, under certain conditions, cultures come into such intimate con- tact that the process of creolization produces new paradigms within a relatively few generations. Consequently, cultural taxonomy is inherently more complex than biological taxonomy. Dynamically, over the long term, culture exhibits an S-shaped growth curve which reflects the prolife~tion of memes within cultures. Perhaps the deepest issue in cultural evolution is the Gestalt switch which happens between the highest level of one cultural rank and the beginning of the next rank.

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